What distinguishes a misdemeanor from a felony?

The distinction between a misdemeanor and a felony primarily lies in the severity of the offenses and the corresponding penalties that they incur. A misdemeanor is indeed classified as a less severe crime, often resulting in lighter penalties, such as shorter jail time, fines, or community service. In contrast, felonies are considered serious crimes and typically carry harsher consequences, including longer prison sentences, significant fines, and a greater chance of incarceration in a state prison rather than a local jail.

Understanding this classification is critical for grasping how the legal system categorizes crimes and administers justice. For instance, examples of misdemeanors might include petty theft or minor drug possession, while felonies could encompass serious offenses like armed robbery or homicide. This fundamental difference informs not just the type of punishment but also other legal implications, such as the potential for permanent records or civil rights limitations following a felony conviction.